Auntie Analogue, you nailed it! Magic Dirt is right on the money, or, to be more exact, Magic Dirt is where alot of tax money goes. While I appreciate man’s fascination with space, I consider all the high falutin’ ideas of space colonization, asteroid mining, etc., the 20th and 21st centuries form of alchemy. I predict man will never leave earth to live in space in the numbers people wax on so about as a way to save civilization. Sure, you can put a few folks up in a space station and such, at $90 million a head, but humankind colonizing space, no way, it’s alchemy.
Please try to convince me that these scientists believed they were so at risk from the wuflu that they couldn’t even film a goddamn video without masking up in those asinine plastic face diapers. I smell propaganda from one more converged agency, and less than a minute in I turned it off. The satellite scraper is truly awe inspiring technology. That they had to use it for not-too subtle propaganda point on the scamdemic just ruined it. They might as well have tried to insert an anti-racism message as well.
I know what you mean jwm, it gets discouraging down here on old planet Earth where feces seems to rule … but we’ve got to keep reaching for the stars, somehow, some way we’ll do it. It costs a lot per head, as you say, but, sigh, it keeps our math majors in good form and money flowing to other than booze dope boats extra bank accounts & houses and expensive whores for politicians … I would like to see NASA do something a bit more Earthbound in prep for planetary expansion like, say, turn the Sahara desert or some other barren patch into a greenbelt … what’s the term? Terraform? Terraform the Earth for practice … anyway, cheers …
John A. FlemingOctober 20, 2020, 11:40 PM
The mask stuff is a pandemic of fear and the madness of crowds. The saying applies, people go mad all at once, and return to reason slowly and one by one. Colorado isn’t even having any kind of problem with the kung flu, it touched them lightly and faded early and really hasn’t come back. Who knew that weed was a preventative?
As for the asteroid, while it’s technically glamorous, it’s just dry, sterile, radiation-blasted dirt. Aggregated cosmic dust grains. It won’t be any more exciting studying this dirt than studying moon dirt was back in the 70’s. Oh they tried to make it sexy by showing color polarized pictures of the crystalline structures in the moon dirt, but you could make the same sexy pictures of most earth rocks. It will keep a few astrogeologists and astrochemists happy for a few years until the grant money runs out.
Years ago in the ’80s, Gerard O’Neill, Princeton physicist, popularized the idea of creating free-floating orbiting space habitats in cislunar space. The raw material is coming from lunar dirt and asteroids, especially small metallic asteroids. It’s still a great idea for a hundred years from now, but it has difficulties. First big problem: water and carbon. Lunar and asteroid dirt don’t have a lot of that. Not unless they can find a carbonaceous chondrite asteroid (the rarest kind), basically a lump of coal. They might find some water on the moon, but it’s a long-shot and difficult to get at.
Nope. Go to Mars. It has water, it has air (well sort of). It has carbon. NASA always works on stuff that has no real value.
AlexOctober 21, 2020, 4:47 AM
Since the universe is still expanding outward and away from earth most of the inhabitable type planets they talk about for colonization are getting farther away our solar system at a speed that we cannot ever reach. It’s like chasing a race horse with a tortoise, never to catch up. So most of these adventures while interesting are really about getting budget money for the jobs program known as NASA. Similar to the other jobs program known as the U.S. Military.
NeudayOctober 21, 2020, 7:26 AM
At some point in the probably-not-so-distant future, the conquering but suddenly undernourished orcs will see this and either claim it was all CGI or an immoral waste of money that should have been spent on food.
Fletcher ChristianOctober 21, 2020, 9:04 AM
John Venlet:
You’re sort of right. People will never leave Earth in significant numbers, compared to the number now living on Earth.
But some will, and in 300 years’ time the population of Earth will be a drop in a bucket, compared to the population of the Solar System.
It’s rather similar to what happened in the USA, but more so. How many people left Europe to go to America? Maybe 10 million. And what’s the population of the USA now?
AnonymousOctober 21, 2020, 9:52 AM
jwm: agree. The real time video was tacky. Very unprofessional. The mission, however, has been professionally executed. Well done!
John VenletOctober 21, 2020, 10:54 AM
Fletcher, I remain unconvinced, and stand by my statements. Space exploration is largely a method of keeping NASA, and other space agencies, funded with taxpayer dollars. Humans will never colonize other planets, all the scientific facts support my contention, rather than spin men of science, and their spin doctors, put on the scientific facts. It’s this time’s alchemy.
John A. FlemingOctober 21, 2020, 2:49 PM
John Venlet, you are unconvinced, perhaps a broader outlook past the NASA model will help.
1. Really, no science is needed to colonize Mars. At this point, it’s in the realm of finance, business, and engineering. And in the realm of engineering, we don’t need impermium and unobtanium, it’s all doable with what we have now.
2. NASA doesn’t do/won’t do anything to help colonization. When it comes to Mars they are all about the science. And they are extremely risk averse, they work very hard to not even be able to look for evidence of current life. NASA exploration of Mars is boring. The only good that has come of it is they have identified areas where water is right below the surface, just there for the taking, and in the equatorial and temperate regions of Mars.
3. It’s tough luck for Martian life is there is any. It’s had 4 billion years to colonize the place, and failed. It’s time for the inhabitants of Earth to give it a try. It’s the inevitable truth: if you can’t or won’t defend your country/planet, somebody else will eventually come and take it from you. Martian life is boring and unimportant, good only to dazzle a few boffins in their laboratories.
4. A good model of how Mars will be colonized is the American colonies. Started by joint stock companies in England, there aim was to sell land to colonists, and were protected by Royal charters. All the king asked for was 20% of all gold and silver found. There’s none of that on Mars. The first settlements on Mars will figure out how to be mostly self-sufficient, and then they will build a second settlement and sell it to the newcomers. What they are selling is the proprietary knowledge of how to live there. Two settlements become four, etc.
5. The British merchants did a brisk business selling finished goods to the Americans who traded in raw materials. In the Martian case it’s different. There’s no thing on Mars that anybody on Earth wants, and won’t be for a long time. But there is something: once a Martian colony demonstrates sustainment, the race will be on for all the people who want to get out of their stupid countries they live in, and go where they can create their futures anew.
Fletcher ChristianOctober 21, 2020, 4:05 PM
There’s also a more fundamental point hiding here. Why assume that colonising Mars is even necessary? Gerard O’Neill wrote about this in the early 1980s; it’s quite easy to work out that colonising space itself, using artificial structures to do it, is more effective in all sorts of ways than living on Mars. Free choice of perceived gravity field, less radiation, and able to live in a shirtsleeve environment in places that would look and feel like outdoors.
You know that old saw about investing in land because they aren’t making any more of it? Well…
Mining colonies on the Moon and some of the asteroids will be necessary; most people won’t spend their lives on them. A Moon mine, for example, would be rather like an oil rig today, in that one would go there for a fairly short and well-paid stint and then go home again – the home wouldn’t necessarily be on Earth. Or Mars.
Is the surface of a planet really the right place for an expanding technological civilization? The answer turns out to be no.
When I was in college, the gang of bright-eyed engineering students I hung out with were all enamored with O’Neill’s ideas. We brought him to our school. We started a SEDS chapter. We wrote papers, we did studies. All that stuff.
I still don’t disagree, and I think it has great merit, but I don’t think it should be the first step. It’s too big a first step, constructing a habitat. It needs too many new things. Lunar mass drivers, asteroid capture, regolith refining, the ability to work for long periods of time in cislunar space, which means lots of radiation protection for the workers, or it will all be done remotely by prehensile and teleoperated robots.
A Mars settlement can be bootstrapped with much less than an O’Neill habitat. Mars has almost everything needed to start: water, carbon, nitrogen, diurnal sunlight, gravity. OK, the air is crap, it’s not breathable and its like Earth air at 100,000 ft with no oxygen, but we have great gas handling equipment. Okay, it’s cold, the settlers are going to be using small nuclear reactors for heat and electricity for quite a while. Those reactors come from Earth, but they can be shipped and installed using well-known and mature tech. An O’Neill habitat starts with absolutely nothing and it’s a long time and much construction in zero-gee before the first human can sustainably stay.
When those first colonists land on Mars, they’ll start with a two-year supply of food, water, power and construction materials. Their first jobs will be to build habitats so they can move out of their metal constructed homes shipped from earth, tap into the buried ice, and start growing food and recycling their poo and pee. They’ll have gas handling equipment to crack the CO2 and extract and concentrate the N2 in the Martian atmosphere. They’ll have chemical processing facilities to bootstrap all the chemical feedstocks they need. The next shipment of equipment, construction materials, Arduinos and Raspberry PIs, more food if needed, comes in two years.
Here’s a way to think about it. What is at the foundation of all wealth? Land that you can grow crops on. And the foundation of that is the fertile soil itself. That land cannot be radiation-blasted dry regolith full of salts and peroxides, it has to be terroir, with tilth, humus, the thousands of bacteria and fungal species that inhabit our agricultural soils, all the microscopic organisms in the presence of water and oxygen that convert inert minerals to plant food. The first colonists will bring with them viable soil cultures, which they will inoculate the dirt with once they have cleaned out the salts and peroxides. And when you have growing crops, you have oxygen to breathe.
I can see a start small and grow bootstrap path for a Mars colony. An O’Neill habit starts from way farther back and requires a lot more investment before there is anything viable.
And don’t even talk to me about the Moon. No water, no air, no carbon, no nitrogen, lots of radiation, two weeks of darkness. It’s a big pile of slag and lava. The moon is a domain for robots not people. Boring.
ghostsniperOctober 22, 2020, 4:41 AM
“The moon is a domain for robots not people.”
======
Well, yes, everything away from earth is that way, initially.
Until humans change it to suit their needs.
This all has to be staged in the deserts of Arizona.
Large scale 3d printers that excavate the surface and create “buildings” in place.
Robots use native and imported materials to create the atmosphere inside the buildings.
Over a hundred year period an entire facility can be created that is friendly to humans, while no humans directly contributed to it’s creation.
Rather than print the buildings, chunnel borers can be created on site to tunnel and sleeve structures below the surface. Once you get past the notion of human “boots on the ground” and free up your mind to think about other ways to get it done, you can expand your range of imagination. The big thing the moon has in it’s favor is that it is much, much closer then say Mars for experimenting with methods to find out what works. Until they find a way to break the lightspeed barrier there is no more positive option than exploiting the moon first. Rather than getting bogged down on what the moon does NOT have think about what it DOES have.
John VenletOctober 22, 2020, 4:45 AM
John and Fletcher, all the ideas and means you present as objective reasons, or measures, which allegedly would allow for colonization of Mars by humans read like science fiction novels. Though you willingly admit the obstacles which needs be overcome in order for a colonization to become reality for humans, in my opinion the ideas you present for overcoming mentioned obstacles are not able to be overcome in any meaningful way for such actions to be taken.
Now, if a group of deep pocketed private citizens desire to pursue the ideas you present, by spending every last cent in their pockets in an attempt to proceed, well, fine by me, but I remain entirely skeptical of the idea, and predict it will not happen. It’s alchemy.
AnonymousOctober 22, 2020, 10:48 AM
Hi ghost, thanks for your expert professional comments. I have considered that most of the “outdoor” tasks on Mars will be performed by swarms of robots of various sizes, shapes and actuators. Most of the structure of the robots will be 3d printed and assembled onsite. Only the brains need to be shipped from the Earth. Settlers going outside is expensive, because they have to go in full pressure suits, the Martian air (“aer”) is just too thin. The robots would work during the day, and go into “heated” garages for the night, to recharge and survive. No robot is going to last long at -80 degC.
There’s a bootstrap step there too. The first domes/habitats would be pressurized with aer to 10% Earth, so the settlers would only need breathing gear and not full space suits.
A better analogue than Arizona would be the Atacama in Chile. High and dry and cold, nearly sterile soils. It forces the designers to truly simulate remote operations because nobody on Earth wants to live there. A local maintenance crew would be based in Iquique. All ops from the States would go over a satellite link, which is easy to time-delay. The Atacama site would use a solar power plant plus batteries instead of a nuclear reactor, and all solar power supplies would be sized to simulate the 40% Earth insolation at Mars orbit. Chile is a lot cheaper than Luna.
Intellectual disgrace
Stares from every human face,
And the seas of pity lie
Locked and frozen in each eye.
Follow, poet, follow right
To the bottom of the night,
With your unconstraining voice
Still persuade us to rejoice.
With the farming of a verse
Make a vineyard of the curse,
Sing of human unsuccess
In a rapture of distress.
In the deserts of the heart
Let the healing fountains start,
In the prison of his days
Teach the free man how to praise.
– – WH Auden
from “1054 AD”
Sometimes it seems I had a dream, and, as a dreamer woke immersed in mineral baths closed within a cool, dark chamber fed by streams flowing in from the center of nowhere.
Hanging from the granite ceiling a kerosene lantern cast shards of light through the pale steam rising from the surface of the pools.
Ripples radiated outwards from the edges of my body and tapping faintly on the rock revealed the edges of the chamber.
Outside I could hear the wind slide across the spine of the mountains, speaking in a language that I remembered but could no longer understand.
Steam filled my nostrils and heat penetrated my bones until, after a time, I had no body, only a sense of silence and distance and calm.
The steel mill sky is alive.
The fire breaks white and zigzag
shot on a gun-metal gloaming.
Man is a long time coming.
Man will yet win.
Brother may yet line up with brother:
This old anvil laughs at many broken hammers.
There are men who can’t be bought.
The fireborn are at home in fire.
The stars make no noise,
You can’t hinder the wind from blowing.
Time is a great teacher.
Who can live without hope?
In the darkness with a great bundle of grief
the people march.
In the night, and overhead a shovel of stars for keeps, the people
march:
“Where to? what next?”
— Carl Sandberg
Camouflage
Sourdough Mountain Lookout
Down valley a smoke haze
Three days heat, after five days rain
Pitch glows on the fir-cones
Across rocks and meadows
Swarms of new flies.
I cannot remember things I once read
A few friends, but they are in cities.
Drinking cold snow-water from a tin cup
Looking down for miles
Through high still air.
BY GARY SNYDER
Chimes of Freedom
Starry-eyed an’ laughing as I recall when we were caught
Trapped by no track of hours for they hanged suspended
As we listened one last time an’ we watched with one last look
Spellbound an’ swallowed ’til the tolling ended
Tolling for the aching ones whose wounds cannot be nursed
For the countless confused, accused, misused, strung-out ones an’ worse
An’ for every hung-up person in the whole wide universe
An’ we gazed upon the chimes of freedom flashing
“From a student radical/hippie/leftist of the Free Speech Movement/Vietnam Day Commitee era and a full-on Democratic Liberal in the decades after, I think I’ve evolved a politics that is neither right nor left but is, in its elemental nature, draconian. In the last 20 years, I’ve taken apart my beliefs with a sledgehammer. Now I’ve got to put the surviving parts back together with tweezers and other ‘shabby equipment, always deteriorating’.”
Byzantium
That is no country for old men. The young
In one another’s arms, birds in the trees
—Those dying generations—at their song,
The salmon-falls, the mackerel-crowded seas,
Fish, flesh, or fowl, commend all summer long
Whatever is begotten, born, and dies.
Caught in that sensual music all neglect
Monuments of unageing intellect.
An aged man is but a paltry thing,
A tattered coat upon a stick, unless
Soul clap its hands and sing, and louder sing
For every tatter in its mortal dress,
Nor is there singing school but studying
Monuments of its own magnificence;
And therefore I have sailed the seas and come
To the holy city of Byzantium.
O sages standing in God’s holy fire
As in the gold mosaic of a wall,
Come from the holy fire, perne in a gyre,
And be the singing-masters of my soul.
Consume my heart away; sick with desire
And fastened to a dying animal
It knows not what it is; and gather me
Into the artifice of eternity.
Once out of nature I shall never take
My bodily form from any natural thing,
But such a form as Grecian goldsmiths make
Of hammered gold and gold enamelling
To keep a drowsy Emperor awake;
Or set upon a golden bough to sing
To lords and ladies of Byzantium
Of what is past, or passing, or to come.
– – W. B. Yeats, 1865 – 1939
De Breanski
VAN GOGH
Hillegas
To the Stonecutters
Stone-cutters fighting time with marble, you foredefeated
Challengers of oblivion
Eat cynical earnings, knowing rock splits, records fall down,
The square-limbed Roman letters
Scale in the thaws, wear in the rain. The poet as well
Builds his monument mockingly;
For man will be blotted out, the blithe earth die, the brave sun
Die blind and blacken to the heart:
Yet stones have stood for a thousand years, and pained
thoughts found
The honey of peace in old poems.
— Robinson Jeffers
Real World Address for Donations, Mash Notes and Hate Mail
Gerard Van der Leun
1692 MANGROVE AVE
APT 379
Chico, Ca 95926
from “1054 AD”
Sometimes it seems I had a dream, and, as a dreamer woke immersed in mineral baths closed within a cool, dark chamber fed by streams flowing in from the center of nowhere.
Hanging from the granite ceiling a kerosene lantern cast shards of light through the pale steam rising from the surface of the pools.
Ripples radiated outwards from the edges of my body and tapping faintly on the rock revealed the edges of the chamber.
Outside I could hear the wind slide across the spine of the mountains, speaking in a language that I remembered but could no longer understand.
Steam filled my nostrils and heat penetrated my bones until, after a time, I had no body, only a sense of silence and distance and calm.
![Allen Ginsberg: The Interview, <strong> ➡ 1972 ⬅ </strong> [Republished by unpopular demand]](https://americandigest.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/ginsbergnirvana-150x150.jpg "Allen Ginsberg: The Interview, <strong> ➡ 1972 ⬅ </strong> [Republished by unpopular demand]")
![That Was the Whopper Weekend That Was [Illustrated]](https://americandigest.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/welcometohell-150x150.jpg "That Was the Whopper Weekend That Was [Illustrated]")
Stone-cutters fighting time with marble, you foredefeated
Comments on this entry are closed.
Magic Dirt!
(winks & grins)
Auntie Analogue, you nailed it! Magic Dirt is right on the money, or, to be more exact, Magic Dirt is where alot of tax money goes. While I appreciate man’s fascination with space, I consider all the high falutin’ ideas of space colonization, asteroid mining, etc., the 20th and 21st centuries form of alchemy. I predict man will never leave earth to live in space in the numbers people wax on so about as a way to save civilization. Sure, you can put a few folks up in a space station and such, at $90 million a head, but humankind colonizing space, no way, it’s alchemy.
Please try to convince me that these scientists believed they were so at risk from the wuflu that they couldn’t even film a goddamn video without masking up in those asinine plastic face diapers. I smell propaganda from one more converged agency, and less than a minute in I turned it off. The satellite scraper is truly awe inspiring technology. That they had to use it for not-too subtle propaganda point on the scamdemic just ruined it. They might as well have tried to insert an anti-racism message as well.
JW (getting more cynical by the hour) M
As a follow up to my snarky-ass comment. I just read that they did it. Mission successfully got asteroid samples.
JWM
I know what you mean jwm, it gets discouraging down here on old planet Earth where feces seems to rule … but we’ve got to keep reaching for the stars, somehow, some way we’ll do it. It costs a lot per head, as you say, but, sigh, it keeps our math majors in good form and money flowing to other than booze dope boats extra bank accounts & houses and expensive whores for politicians … I would like to see NASA do something a bit more Earthbound in prep for planetary expansion like, say, turn the Sahara desert or some other barren patch into a greenbelt … what’s the term? Terraform? Terraform the Earth for practice … anyway, cheers …
The mask stuff is a pandemic of fear and the madness of crowds. The saying applies, people go mad all at once, and return to reason slowly and one by one. Colorado isn’t even having any kind of problem with the kung flu, it touched them lightly and faded early and really hasn’t come back. Who knew that weed was a preventative?
As for the asteroid, while it’s technically glamorous, it’s just dry, sterile, radiation-blasted dirt. Aggregated cosmic dust grains. It won’t be any more exciting studying this dirt than studying moon dirt was back in the 70’s. Oh they tried to make it sexy by showing color polarized pictures of the crystalline structures in the moon dirt, but you could make the same sexy pictures of most earth rocks. It will keep a few astrogeologists and astrochemists happy for a few years until the grant money runs out.
Years ago in the ’80s, Gerard O’Neill, Princeton physicist, popularized the idea of creating free-floating orbiting space habitats in cislunar space. The raw material is coming from lunar dirt and asteroids, especially small metallic asteroids. It’s still a great idea for a hundred years from now, but it has difficulties. First big problem: water and carbon. Lunar and asteroid dirt don’t have a lot of that. Not unless they can find a carbonaceous chondrite asteroid (the rarest kind), basically a lump of coal. They might find some water on the moon, but it’s a long-shot and difficult to get at.
Nope. Go to Mars. It has water, it has air (well sort of). It has carbon. NASA always works on stuff that has no real value.
Since the universe is still expanding outward and away from earth most of the inhabitable type planets they talk about for colonization are getting farther away our solar system at a speed that we cannot ever reach. It’s like chasing a race horse with a tortoise, never to catch up. So most of these adventures while interesting are really about getting budget money for the jobs program known as NASA. Similar to the other jobs program known as the U.S. Military.
At some point in the probably-not-so-distant future, the conquering but suddenly undernourished orcs will see this and either claim it was all CGI or an immoral waste of money that should have been spent on food.
John Venlet:
You’re sort of right. People will never leave Earth in significant numbers, compared to the number now living on Earth.
But some will, and in 300 years’ time the population of Earth will be a drop in a bucket, compared to the population of the Solar System.
It’s rather similar to what happened in the USA, but more so. How many people left Europe to go to America? Maybe 10 million. And what’s the population of the USA now?
jwm: agree. The real time video was tacky. Very unprofessional. The mission, however, has been professionally executed. Well done!
Fletcher, I remain unconvinced, and stand by my statements. Space exploration is largely a method of keeping NASA, and other space agencies, funded with taxpayer dollars. Humans will never colonize other planets, all the scientific facts support my contention, rather than spin men of science, and their spin doctors, put on the scientific facts. It’s this time’s alchemy.
John Venlet, you are unconvinced, perhaps a broader outlook past the NASA model will help.
1. Really, no science is needed to colonize Mars. At this point, it’s in the realm of finance, business, and engineering. And in the realm of engineering, we don’t need impermium and unobtanium, it’s all doable with what we have now.
2. NASA doesn’t do/won’t do anything to help colonization. When it comes to Mars they are all about the science. And they are extremely risk averse, they work very hard to not even be able to look for evidence of current life. NASA exploration of Mars is boring. The only good that has come of it is they have identified areas where water is right below the surface, just there for the taking, and in the equatorial and temperate regions of Mars.
3. It’s tough luck for Martian life is there is any. It’s had 4 billion years to colonize the place, and failed. It’s time for the inhabitants of Earth to give it a try. It’s the inevitable truth: if you can’t or won’t defend your country/planet, somebody else will eventually come and take it from you. Martian life is boring and unimportant, good only to dazzle a few boffins in their laboratories.
4. A good model of how Mars will be colonized is the American colonies. Started by joint stock companies in England, there aim was to sell land to colonists, and were protected by Royal charters. All the king asked for was 20% of all gold and silver found. There’s none of that on Mars. The first settlements on Mars will figure out how to be mostly self-sufficient, and then they will build a second settlement and sell it to the newcomers. What they are selling is the proprietary knowledge of how to live there. Two settlements become four, etc.
5. The British merchants did a brisk business selling finished goods to the Americans who traded in raw materials. In the Martian case it’s different. There’s no thing on Mars that anybody on Earth wants, and won’t be for a long time. But there is something: once a Martian colony demonstrates sustainment, the race will be on for all the people who want to get out of their stupid countries they live in, and go where they can create their futures anew.
There’s also a more fundamental point hiding here. Why assume that colonising Mars is even necessary? Gerard O’Neill wrote about this in the early 1980s; it’s quite easy to work out that colonising space itself, using artificial structures to do it, is more effective in all sorts of ways than living on Mars. Free choice of perceived gravity field, less radiation, and able to live in a shirtsleeve environment in places that would look and feel like outdoors.
You know that old saw about investing in land because they aren’t making any more of it? Well…
Mining colonies on the Moon and some of the asteroids will be necessary; most people won’t spend their lives on them. A Moon mine, for example, would be rather like an oil rig today, in that one would go there for a fairly short and well-paid stint and then go home again – the home wouldn’t necessarily be on Earth. Or Mars.
Is the surface of a planet really the right place for an expanding technological civilization? The answer turns out to be no.
https://spacerenaissance.space/is-the-surface-of-a-planet-really-the-right-place-for-an-expanding-technological-civilization/
When I was in college, the gang of bright-eyed engineering students I hung out with were all enamored with O’Neill’s ideas. We brought him to our school. We started a SEDS chapter. We wrote papers, we did studies. All that stuff.
I still don’t disagree, and I think it has great merit, but I don’t think it should be the first step. It’s too big a first step, constructing a habitat. It needs too many new things. Lunar mass drivers, asteroid capture, regolith refining, the ability to work for long periods of time in cislunar space, which means lots of radiation protection for the workers, or it will all be done remotely by prehensile and teleoperated robots.
A Mars settlement can be bootstrapped with much less than an O’Neill habitat. Mars has almost everything needed to start: water, carbon, nitrogen, diurnal sunlight, gravity. OK, the air is crap, it’s not breathable and its like Earth air at 100,000 ft with no oxygen, but we have great gas handling equipment. Okay, it’s cold, the settlers are going to be using small nuclear reactors for heat and electricity for quite a while. Those reactors come from Earth, but they can be shipped and installed using well-known and mature tech. An O’Neill habitat starts with absolutely nothing and it’s a long time and much construction in zero-gee before the first human can sustainably stay.
When those first colonists land on Mars, they’ll start with a two-year supply of food, water, power and construction materials. Their first jobs will be to build habitats so they can move out of their metal constructed homes shipped from earth, tap into the buried ice, and start growing food and recycling their poo and pee. They’ll have gas handling equipment to crack the CO2 and extract and concentrate the N2 in the Martian atmosphere. They’ll have chemical processing facilities to bootstrap all the chemical feedstocks they need. The next shipment of equipment, construction materials, Arduinos and Raspberry PIs, more food if needed, comes in two years.
Here’s a way to think about it. What is at the foundation of all wealth? Land that you can grow crops on. And the foundation of that is the fertile soil itself. That land cannot be radiation-blasted dry regolith full of salts and peroxides, it has to be terroir, with tilth, humus, the thousands of bacteria and fungal species that inhabit our agricultural soils, all the microscopic organisms in the presence of water and oxygen that convert inert minerals to plant food. The first colonists will bring with them viable soil cultures, which they will inoculate the dirt with once they have cleaned out the salts and peroxides. And when you have growing crops, you have oxygen to breathe.
I can see a start small and grow bootstrap path for a Mars colony. An O’Neill habit starts from way farther back and requires a lot more investment before there is anything viable.
And don’t even talk to me about the Moon. No water, no air, no carbon, no nitrogen, lots of radiation, two weeks of darkness. It’s a big pile of slag and lava. The moon is a domain for robots not people. Boring.
“The moon is a domain for robots not people.”
======
Well, yes, everything away from earth is that way, initially.
Until humans change it to suit their needs.
This all has to be staged in the deserts of Arizona.
Large scale 3d printers that excavate the surface and create “buildings” in place.
Robots use native and imported materials to create the atmosphere inside the buildings.
Over a hundred year period an entire facility can be created that is friendly to humans, while no humans directly contributed to it’s creation.
Rather than print the buildings, chunnel borers can be created on site to tunnel and sleeve structures below the surface. Once you get past the notion of human “boots on the ground” and free up your mind to think about other ways to get it done, you can expand your range of imagination. The big thing the moon has in it’s favor is that it is much, much closer then say Mars for experimenting with methods to find out what works. Until they find a way to break the lightspeed barrier there is no more positive option than exploiting the moon first. Rather than getting bogged down on what the moon does NOT have think about what it DOES have.
John and Fletcher, all the ideas and means you present as objective reasons, or measures, which allegedly would allow for colonization of Mars by humans read like science fiction novels. Though you willingly admit the obstacles which needs be overcome in order for a colonization to become reality for humans, in my opinion the ideas you present for overcoming mentioned obstacles are not able to be overcome in any meaningful way for such actions to be taken.
Now, if a group of deep pocketed private citizens desire to pursue the ideas you present, by spending every last cent in their pockets in an attempt to proceed, well, fine by me, but I remain entirely skeptical of the idea, and predict it will not happen. It’s alchemy.
Hi ghost, thanks for your expert professional comments. I have considered that most of the “outdoor” tasks on Mars will be performed by swarms of robots of various sizes, shapes and actuators. Most of the structure of the robots will be 3d printed and assembled onsite. Only the brains need to be shipped from the Earth. Settlers going outside is expensive, because they have to go in full pressure suits, the Martian air (“aer”) is just too thin. The robots would work during the day, and go into “heated” garages for the night, to recharge and survive. No robot is going to last long at -80 degC.
There’s a bootstrap step there too. The first domes/habitats would be pressurized with aer to 10% Earth, so the settlers would only need breathing gear and not full space suits.
A better analogue than Arizona would be the Atacama in Chile. High and dry and cold, nearly sterile soils. It forces the designers to truly simulate remote operations because nobody on Earth wants to live there. A local maintenance crew would be based in Iquique. All ops from the States would go over a satellite link, which is easy to time-delay. The Atacama site would use a solar power plant plus batteries instead of a nuclear reactor, and all solar power supplies would be sized to simulate the 40% Earth insolation at Mars orbit. Chile is a lot cheaper than Luna.